(b)(2) Water - Section 3406(b)(2) of the
CVPIA directs the Secretary of the Interior to dedicate and manage
annually eight hundred thousand acre-feet of Central Valley Project
yield for the primary purpose of implementing the fish, wildlife, and
habitat restoration purposes and measures authorized by the CVPIA.
The 800,000 acre-feet of water dedicated by the CVPIA is referred
to as "(b)(2) water." - Bureau Of Reclamation -- BOR -- Water
Acquisition Glossary BA - Big Arm BA - Biodiversity Associates BA - Biological Agent BA - Boundary Adjustment (NPS and
others) BA - Buildable Area BA - Business Alliance BAA - Bay Area Action BAC - Bureau of Arms Control BACC - Brazilian-American Chamber of
Commerce, Incorporated Back Country Byway - A road segment
designated as part of the National Scenic Byway System. (BLM) Back Pressure - A pressure that can
cause water to backflow into the water supply when a user’s water
system is at a higher pressure than the public water system. Backfill - Material used in refilling
excavation, or the process of such refilling,
Material used to fill an excavated trench. Backfilling - The replacement of soil
and earth removed during mining. - BLM Surface Mgmt. Regs. Backflow - A reverse flow condition,
created by a difference in water pressures, which causes water to flow
back into the distribution system. Backfurrow - The first cut of a plow,
from which the slice is laid on undisturbed soil. Background - That part of a scene,
landscape, etc., which is furthest from the viewer, usually from three
miles to infinity from the observer. Background Level - The amount of a
pollutant present in water or air from natural sources. - BLM Surface
Mgmt. Regs. Backpacking - Hiking in combination with
primitive camping, carrying camping and food materials in a backpack. Back Pumping - The process of pumping water in a manner in which
the water is returned to its source. - Everglades Plan glossary Backsiphonage - Reverse seepage of water
in a distribution system. – USGS Backwashing - Reversing the flow of
water through a home treatment device filter or membrane to clean and
remove deposits. - USGS Backwater - A small, generally shallow
body of water with little or no current of its own. Stagnant water in a small stream or inlet.
Water moved backward or held back by a dam, tide, etc. Backwater - Water backed up or retarded
in its course as compared with its normal or natural condition of flow.
In stream gaging, a rise in stage produced by a temporary obstruction
such as ice or weeds, or by the flooding of the stream below. The
difference between the observed stage and that indicated by the
stage-discharge relation, is reported as backwater. - USGS BACT - Best available control technology (EPA) Badland - A region nearly devoid of
vegetation where erosion has cut the land into an intricate maze of
narrow ravines, and sharp crests and pinnacles, instead of curving hills
and valleys of the ordinary type. - BLM (DOI) Grand Escalante Staircase
National Monument DEIS Glossary BAE - Bureau of Agricultural Economics Baffle - A flat board or plate,
deflector, guide or similar device constructed or placed in flowing
water to cause more uniform flow velocities, to absorb energy, and to
divert, guide, or agitate the flow. BAGLY - Boston Alliance of Gay, Lesbian,
Bisexual and Transgendered Youth Bajadas - The lower slopes of mountains
characterized by loose sediment and poor soil development. - NPS Ecology
and Restoration Glossary Balance - Balance is first referred to
in Paragraph 6(iii) of the Operational Guidelines with reference to
efforts to maintain a "reasonable balance between the numbers of
cultural heritage and the natural heritage properties" included in
the World Heritage List. This
statement is reaffirmed in Paragraph 15 of the Operational Guidelines
(UNESCO February 1996: 2, 3 and 5) and is in conformity with the spirit
of the Convention as an instrument for the conservation of both the
natural and the cultural heritage. In the section of the Operational
Guidelines concerned with the granting of international assistance,
Paragraph 111 states that a "balance will be maintained between
funds allocated to projects for the preservation of the cultural
heritage on the one hand and projects for the conservation of the
natural heritage on the other hand" (UNESCO February 1996: 38).
Section VI of the Operational Guidelines is entitled "Balance
between the Cultural and the Natural Heritage in the Implementation of
the Convention" (UNESCO February 1996: 40-41).
Paragraph 121 outlines a number of measures recommended by the
Committee to achieve this balance (UNESCO February 1996: 40-41). The
balance between the numbers of natural and cultural properties inscribed
in the World Heritage List was the subject of discussion at the March
1996 "Expert Meeting on Evaluation of general principles and
criteria for nominations of natural World Heritage sites" (UNESCO
15 April 1996). The report
of the Expert Meeting notes that ""balance" is not about
numbers, but about representativity for biogeographical regions or
events in the history of life" (UNESCO 15 April 1996: 6). The World
Heritage Bureau and Committee will consider the substance of the report
of the Expert Meeting at their twentieth sessions in 1996. Balance of Payments - An accounting
statement measuring the value of goods, services and capital exchanged
between a country and all foreign countries. A nation is said to have
either: (1) a balance of payments deficit if it sends abroad less in
goods, services, and capital than it receives from foreigners; or (2) a
balance of payments surplus if it sends abroad more in goods, services,
and capital than it receives. Balance of Payments Manual 5 (BPM5) -
The manual describes the methodology for measuring the economic
transactions of an economy with the rest of the world. The International
Monetary Fund is the custodian of BPM5. (UN) Balance of Trade - The difference in
value between a country's merchandise imports and exports in a specified
period. A country's balance of trade is only one factor -- though an
important one -- in its balance of payments. Balanced Head Condition - The condition
in which the water pressure on the upstream and downstream sides of an
object are equal (such as an emergency or regulating gate). Balkanization - The fragmentation of a
region into smaller, often hostile, political units. The term comes from the Balkan Peninsula of Europe, a region
that has balkanized may time, and is still undergoing balkanization. Ballast water - Ocean-going ships load
up with water in bilge holds using the extra mass to keep them stable
while they ply their way to their destination port. More ballast is used
when ship are not fully loaded with cargo and this water is then pumped
back into the sea when the ship takes on new cargo. Many problems can
result if discharged ballast water contains pollutants or living
organisms that can potentially have negative effects on local marine
life at the destination port. (UNESCO) Balzac v. Porto Rico, 258 U.S. 298, 312
(1922) - In Balzac, Chief Justice William Howard Taft stated that the
United States District Court for Arecibo, Porto Rico, as Puerto Rico was
known then, "created by virtue of the sovereign congressional
faculty, granted under Article IV, § 3, of that instrument, of making
all needful rules and regulations respecting the territory belonging to
the United States." Puerto
Rico is the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and it has not been incorporated
into the United States though its inhabitants are United States
citizens. The inclusion of
Puerto Rico in Chapter 5 as § 119 does not make the district court for
Puerto Rico an Article III court because Puerto Rico has not been
incorporated into the Union. Balzac v. Porto Rico, 258 U.S. 298 (1921)
and Mookini v. United States, 303 U.S. 201 (1938) made it clear that a
"district court of the United States" described a court
created under Article III and a "United States district court"
described a territorial court. The
former identified a constitutional court of the United States exercising
the judicial power of the United States and the latter merely identified
a court for a district of the government of the United States. BANANA - Build Absolutely Nothing
Anywhere Near Anything Band Application - The spreading of
chemicals over, or next to, each row of plants in a field, as opposed to
broadcast application. BANDESA - Banco Nacional de Desarrollo
Agrícola (Guatemala) Banding - Applying fertilizer or other
amendment into the soil (7-15 cm, or 2.7-6 in, deep) in a thin narrow
strip (band), as beside or beneath a planted row of seeds or plants. Band-Interleaved-by-Line (BIL) - BIL is
a CCT tape format that stores all bands of satellite data in one image
file. Scanlines are sequenced by interleaving all image bands. The CCT
header appears once in a set. - USDA glossary Band-Interleaved-by-Pixel (BIP) - When
using the BIP image format, each line of an image is stored
sequentially, line 1 all bands, line 2 all bands, etc. For example, the
first line of a three-band image would be stored as p1b1, p1b2, p1b3,
p2b1, p2b2, p2b3, where p1b1 indicates pixel one, band one, p1b2
indicates pixel one, band two, etc. - USDA glossary Band-Interleaved-by Pixel-Pair
(BIP-2)(CCT-X) - BIP-2 is a CCT tape format available only for MSS data
acquired before 1979. Data in each of four vertical swaths are stored in
a separate image file. Scanlines are sequenced and interleaved-by-pixel-
pairs. The CCT header information is recorded on each image file. BIP-2
is sometimes referred to as CCT-X format. - USDA glossary Bank - The margins of a channel. Banks
are called right or left as viewed facing in the direction of the flow.
– USGS The “Bank for International
Settlements” (BIS) was established at Basle, Switzerland, in 1930 with
the object of promoting cooperation among central banks. It performs
four primary functions: (1) it is the “central banks’ bank,”
accepting central banks’ reserves as deposits and using them for
lending to central banks and for investment in the market on a
short-term basis; (2) it is a forum for monetary cooperation among
central banks and international financial institutions; (3) it acts as
agent, depository, etc., in the implementation of international
financial agreements and provides secretariat facilities for a number of
central bank committees; and (4) it is a center for monetary and
economic research. The central banks, or financial institutions acting
in their stead, of 25 European countries, Australia, Canada, Japan,
South Africa, and the United States are represented at BIS general
meetings. – WB Bank Full - An established river stage
at a given location along a river which is intended to represent the
maximum safe water level that will not overflow the river banks or cause
any significant damage within the river reach. Bankfull stage - Stage at which a stream
first overflows its natural banks. (See also Flood stage. Bankfull stage
is a hydraulic term, whereas flood stage implies damage.) – USGS Bank Storage - Water that has
infiltrated from a reservoir into the surrounding land where it remains
in storage until water level in the reservoir is lowered. Bank storage - The water absorbed into
the banks of a stream channel, when the stages rise above the water
table in the bank formations, then returns to the channel as effluent
seepage when the stages fall below the water table. (After Houk, 1951,
p. 179.) - USGS Bankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Act of 1937 -
P.L. 75-210 authorized acquisition by the federal government of damaged
lands to rehabilitate and use them for various purposes. Some Bankhead-Jones
lands are managed by both the Forest Service and the Bureau of Land
Management. Some Forest Service Bankhead Jones lands are National
Grasslands. Banks for Cooperatives (BC) - Lending
institutions within the Farm Credit System that provide credit to
agricultural cooperatives and rural utility cooperatives nationwide.
Currently, there are two BCs with national charters -- the St. Paul Bank
for Cooperatives and CoBank Agricultural Bank (Denver). CoBank also has
the authority to finance U.S. agricultural exports and to provide
international banking services to farmer-owned cooperatives. Banquette - An embankment at the toe of
the land side of a levee, constructed to protect the levee from sliding
when saturated with water. BAP – The Beijing Action Plan (UN) Bardon v Northern Pac R Co. 12 S CT 856,
145 US 535, 538 36L, ED 806 - ‘It is well settled that all land to
which any claim or rights of others is attached does not fall within the
designation of public lands.’ United States Supreme Court Decision BARE - Bureau of Agricultural and
Resource Economics Bargaining Association - A farmer
cooperative intended primarily to influence farm prices or other terms
of trade between the members and the buyers of the commodities they
produce. Bark Beetle - An insect that bores
through the bark of forest trees to eat the inner bark and lay its eggs.
Bark beetles are important killers of forest trees. Barrage (gate-structure dam) - A barrier
built across a river, comprising a series of gates which when fully open
allow the flood to pass without appreciably increasing the flood level
upstream of the barrage. Barrage - Any artificial obstruction
placed in water to increase water level or divert it. Usually the idea
is to control peak flow for later release. – USGS Barrel of oil equivalent - A unit of
energy equal to the amount of energy contained in a barrel of crude oil.
Approximately 5.78 million Btu or 1,700 kWh. A barrel is a liquid
measure equal to 42 gallons. - Bioenergy Glossary Barren - A General cover category
consisting of nonvegetated lands, including alkaline barrens,
unreclaimed mined land, and other barren areas incapable of supporting
vegetation. Barren areas are nonvegetated either because the substrate
will not support plant growth or because the area is subject to frequent
disturbance (e.g., scouring, flooding) that prevents plant growth. -
National Resources Inventory Barren land - A Land cover/use category
used to classify lands with limited capacity to support life and having
less than 5 percent vegetative cover. Vegetation, if present, is widely
spaced. Typically, the surface of barren land is sand, rock, exposed
subsoil, or salt-affected soils. Subcategories include salt flats; sand
dunes; mud flats; beaches; bare exposed rock; quarries, strip mines,
gravel pits, and borrow pits; riverwash; oil wasteland; mixed barren
lands; and other barren land. - National Resources Inventory Barren Solution - A solution in
hydrometalurgical treatment from which all valuable constituents have
been removed. See Pregnant Solution. - BLM Surface Mgmt. Regs. Barrio - Term meaning
"neighborhood" in Spanish. Usually refers to an urban
community in a Middle or South American city: also applied to
low-income, inner-city concentrations of Hispanics in such western U.S.
cities as Los Angeles. BART - Belle Air Residents for Truth
(San Bruno, CA) Barter - A form of countertrade in which
goods having offsetting values are exchanged under a single contract,
within a specified period of time, and without any flow of money taking
place. The U.S. government ran a barter program from 1950 to 1973,
exchanging surplus agricultural commodities for strategic materials and
for goods and services it otherwise would have purchased. In addition,
barter agreements between the United States and Jamaica were signed in
1982 and 1983. BAS - Best Available Science Basal Area - The area of the cross
section of a tree trunk near its base, usually four and one-half feet
above the ground, expressed in square feet per acre and is a measure of
stocking density. Basal
area is a way to measure how much of a site is occupied by trees.
The term basal area is often used to describe the collective
basal area of trees per acre.
Basal Area - The area in square feet of
the cross section at breast height of a single tree, a group of trees,
or all of the trees in a stand, usually expressed in square feet per
acre. - USDA/FS Basal Cover (Area) - The area of ground
surface covered by the stem or stems of a rangeland plant, usually
measured 1 inch above the soil, in contrast to the full spread of the
foliage. Basalt - Fine-grained, dark-colored
igneous rocks that are either intrusive or extrusive. - BLM Surface
Mgmt. Regs. Base - A substance that has a pH value
between 7 and 14. Base acreage (or crop acreage base) - A
farm's crop-specific acreage of wheat, feed grains, upland cotton, or
rice eligible to participate in commodity programs under previous farm
legislation. For wheat and feed grains, this was an average of the
acreage planted or considered planted for harvest on the farm for the
preceding 5 crop years. For upland cotton and rice, the average is for
the preceding 3 years. Acreage considered planted included acreage idled
under acreage reduction programs or for weather-related reasons or
natural disasters; acreage devoted to conservation purposes or planted
to certain other allowed commodities; and acreage the Secretary
determined was necessary for fair and equitable treatment. A farmer's
crop acreage base is reduced by the portion of land placed in the
Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), but is increased by CRP base acreage
leaving the CRP. -
USDA-Economic Research Service Farm and Commodity Policy Glossary of
Policy Terms Base Acres - See Acreage Base. Base-Country Invariance - The
index-number property that involves the symmetrical treatment of all
countries, with the result that the relative index-number standings of
the countries are not affected by the choice of the reference (numeraire)
country. (UN) Base Course - A layer of specified or
selected material of planned thickness constructed on the sub-grade or
sub-base for the purpose of serving one or more functions such as
distributing load, providing drainage, minimizing frost action, etc. Base discharge (for peak discharge) - In
the Geological Survey's annual reports on surface-water supply, the
discharge above which peak discharge data are published. The base
discharge at each station is selected so that an average of about three
peaks a year will be presented. (See also Partial-duration flood
series.) – USGS Base-end station - Observation station at either end of a base
line, containing an azimuth instrument or depression position finder,
used to supply position data for the indirect aiming of coast artillery
weapons. - NPS Architecture, Fortifications, and Preservation glossary Base Flood - The flood having a one
percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year.
This term is used in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)
to indicate the minimum level of flooding to be used by a community in
its flood plain management regulations. Base Flow - Ground water inflow to the
river. Portion of stream
discharge that is derived from natural storage. Base Line - A surveyed line established
with more than usual care; used as the known length of a triangle (in
triangulation) for computing the other triangle sides. - Cadastral Data
glossary Base Line (sectionalized land) - A
parallel of latitude, or approximately a parallel of latitude, running
through an arbitrary point chosen as the starting point for all
sectionalized land within a given area. - Cadastral Data glossary Base line - A pre-surveyed horizontal line used for accurate
position-finding and fire control, with observation posts called
base-end stations at either end. - NPS Architecture, Fortifications, and
Preservation glossary Baselining - Obtaining data on the current process that provide the
metrics against which to compare improvements and to use in
benchmarking. - Forest Service
http://svinet2.fs.fed.us/recreation/permits/final1.htm Beaux-Arts - French term [Ecole Nationale et Spéciale des
Beaux-Arts, Paris] meaning fine arts; label for an architectural
movement and training program, and for its associated architects,
1865-1915; loosely, architecture as fine art, characterized by an
emphasis on classical tradition; Beaux-Arts was sometimes used as an
alternative term for Classical or Colonial Revival design in the United
States during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. - NPS
Architecture, Fortifications, and Preservation glossary Base Metal - A metal inferior in value
to gold and silver, a term generally applied to the commercial metals
such as copper and lead. - BLM Surface Mgmt. Regs. Base Property - For the Bureau of Land
Management: land or water resources, owned or controlled by a holder of
a grazing permit or lease, that are suitable to support livestock for a
part of the year. For the Forest Service: lands and improvements owned
and used by a permittee for a farm or ranch and designated by the
permittee to qualify for a grazing permit. One must own or control base
property to be eligible for permits or leases to graze private livestock
on federal lands. Base Property - Lands or water sources
on a ranch that are owned by or under long-term control of the operator.
- BLM Base Rates - The minimum cash price for
national forest timber to be cut and removed. Base runoff - Sustained or fair weather
runoff. In most streams, base runoff is composed largely of groundwater
effluent. (Langbein and others, 1947, p. 6.) The term base flow is often
used in the same sense as base runoff. However, the distinction is the
same as that between streamflow and runoff. When the concept in the
terms base flow and base runoff is that of the natural flow in a stream,
base runoff is the logical term. (See also Ground-water runoff and
Direct runoff.) - USGS Base Saturation Percentage (base cation
saturation) - The degree to which the adsorption complex of a soil is
saturated with basic cations (cations other than hydrogen and aluminum),
usually expressed in percentage. Baseline (condition or alternative) -
Conditions that would prevail if no actions were taken (future without). Baseline Profile - Used for a survey of
the environmental conditions and organisms existing in a region prior to
unnatural disturbances. Baseload - Minimum load in a power
system over a given period of time. Baseloading - Running water through a
power plant at a roughly steady rate, thereby producing power at a
steady rate. Basic Commodities - Six agricultural
crops (corn, cotton, peanuts, rice, tobacco, and wheat) declared by
permanent law as requiring federal price support. Basic Control - In cadastral
cartography, the horizontal control of the base control map. The basic
control is the position of points which has been accurately coordinated
and correlated by a method called analytical bridging - forming a
network of lines to which other surveys and deeds are adjusted. -
Cadastral Data glossary Basic Formula Price (BFP) - Calculated
monthly by USDA, the BFP is the base price for all milk regulated by
federal milk marketing orders. Currently, the BFP is based on the
preceding month's average price of Grade B milk paid by processors in
Minnesota and Wisconsin, adjusted by current- month changes in the value
of certain manufactured dairy products.
Basic Headings - The subdivisions of
final expenditure which correspond to the first aggregation of price (or
quantity) ratios for individual specifications or items. Basic headings
are sometimes referred to as detailed categories. (UN) Basic hydrologic data - Includes
inventories of features of land and water that vary only from place to
place (topographic and geologic maps are examples), and records of
processes that vary with both place and time. (Records of precipitation,
streamflow, groundwater, and quality-of-water analyses are examples.) -
USGS Basic hydrologic information - A broader
term that includes surveys of the water resources of particular areas
and a study of their physical and related economic processes,
interrelations and mechanisms. – USGS Basic Land Unit - The parcel, or land
parcel.- Cadastral Data glossary Basic-stage flood series - See Partial
duration flood series. - USGS Basin Programs - Sets of state
administrative rules that establish types and amounts of water uses
allowed in the state's major river basins and form the basis for issuing
water rights. (BLM) Basin Runoff Model - Any one of the
computer programs that mathematically models basin characteristics to
forecast reservoir inflow from rainfall and/or streamflow data. BASINS - Better Assessment Science
Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources (EPA) BASIS - Bill Action and Status Inquiry
System (Congress) Basis - The difference between the
current spot price (or cash price) of a commodity and the price of the
nearest futures contract for the same or a related commodity. Basis is
usually computed in relation to the futures contract next to expire and
may reflect different time periods, product forms, qualities, or
locations. Basis Risk - The possibility of
unexpected variation in basis and a resulting loss of expected revenue
when a futures contract is liquidated and the commodity sold on the cash
market. BASS - Battlefield Area Surveillance
Systems BASS - Battlefield Automated Subordinate
Systems BASS - BCE Automated Support System
BASS - Black Agents in the Secret
Service BASS - Broadband Array Spectrograph
System BASS - Bulk Agent Stockpile Summary BASS, Inc. - Business Application
Software Services, Inc. BAT - best available technology and
practices BATF - Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and
Firearms Bathymetric - Of or having to do with
the depth of large bodies of water. - NPS Ecology and Restoration
Glossary Bathymetry - The measurement of depths
of water in oceans, seas, and lakes. Also, the information derived from
such measurements. - USDA glossary BAU - Business As Usual Bay-Delta - The San Francisco
Bay/Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta is a low, nearly flat alluvial tract of
land formed by deposits at the converging mouths of the Sacramento and
San Joaquin Rivers. - Bureau Of Reclamation -- BOR -- Water Acquisition
Glossary BB - Bucket Brigade BBA - Black Book of Arson (Loompanics
Unlimited) BBC - British Broadcasting Co BBI - Business-to-Business Information BBLs - Barrels (a measure of the
quantity of condensate) BBN - Bring Back the Natives [DOI/USFWS
program that 'supports on-the-ground habitat restoration projects that
benefit native aquatic species (e.g., native fish, aquatic insects,
mollusks, and amphibians) in the historic range.] BBO - Broad-Based Organizations BBR - Big Bend Reach (Nebraska) BBS - Broad-Based Support BBT - Binational Border Transportation BC - Benefit Cost BC – Bicycle Coalition BC - Biodiversity Conservation BC - Bioregional Councils BC - Buffer Council BC - Bulk Companies BC - The Business Community BCBP - Bureau of Customs and Border Protection (Border Patrol new
department) BCC - Banking and Currency Committee BCC - Biological Connecting Corridor BCD - Behind Closed Doors BCD - Biological and Conservation Data
(a copyrighted patent product of The Nature Conservancy) BCDS - Biological and Conservation Data
System BCEII - British Columbia Environmental
Information Institute (Canada) BCESC - British Columbia Endangered
Species Coalition BCF - Billion Cubic Feet (a measure of
quantity of natural gas) BCFS - Biodiversity Conservation Focus Site
http://ddcf.aibs.org/forestry/loi2002/rloi.asp BCFA - British Canadian Forest Alliance
(Canada) BCFA - British Contract Furnishing
Association BCIO - Building Communities from the
Inside Out BCIS - Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration
http://www.bcis.gov BCMA - Brevard County Manufacturers
Association (Florida) BCPGV - Brady Center to Prevent Gun
Violence BCPLAW - Berne Convention for the
Protection of Literary and Artistic Works
(1971) BCR - Benefit-Cost Ratio BCS - The Basel Convention Secretariat
(UN) BCSD - Business Council for Sustainable
Development BCWG - Buffer Council Watershed Goal BD - Believable Deception BD - Bird Depredation BDA - Back Door Approach BDA - Border Development Authority BDF - Business Development Funds BDG - Business Development Grant BDPO - Breeding Duck Population
Objective BDR - Baseline Documentation Report BDR – Bill Draft Request (legislative) BDW - The Berry, Dexter, Wilson Ponds
Watershed Association (Maine) BE - Building Envelope BEA - U.S. Department of Commerce,
Bureau of Economic Analysis Beach - A Barren land subcategory.
Includes the area adjacent to the shore of an ocean, sea, large river,
or lake that is washed by the tide or waves. - National Resources
Inventory Beaching - The action of water waves by
which beach materials settle into the water because of removal of finer
materials. Bearing - The direction of a line
measured from north or south to east or west, not exceeding 90 degrees.
Examples: North 30 Degrees West or South 87 Degrees East. - Cadastral
Data glossary Bearing Tree - A tree that is used as a
reference to the position of a corner. - Cadastral Data glossary BECC - Border Environment Cooperation
Commission BED - Border Economic Development Bed Elevation - Height of streambed
above a specified level. Bed Layer - The flow layer, several
grain diameters thick (usually taken as two grain diameters thick),
immediately above the bed.
Bed Load - The part of the total stream
load that is moved on or immediately above the stream bed, such as the
larger or heavier particles (boulders, pebbles, gravel) transported by
traction or saltation along the bottom; the part of the load that is not
continuously in suspension or solution.
Sediment that moves by rolling or sliding along the bed and is
essentially in contact with the streambed in the bed layer.
Coarse sediments carried along near the bottom of a river. Bed Load Discharge - The quantity of bed
load passing a cross section of a stream in a unit in time. Bed Material - Unconsolidated material,
or sediment mixture, of which a streambed is composed. Bed Material Discharge - That part of
the total sediment discharge which is composed of grain sizes found in
the bed. The bed material
discharge is assumed equal to the transport capability of the flow. Bedding - Ground, or layer of such, for
support purposes on which pipe is laid.
Soil is placed beneath and beside a pipe to support the load on
the pipe. Bedding Plane - A separation or weakness
between two layers of rock, caused by changes during the building up of
the rock-forming material. Bedrock - The solid rock at the surface
or underlying other surface materials.
Rock of relatively great thickness and extent in its native
location. A general term
for any solid rock, not exhibiting soil-like properties, that underlie
soil or other unconsolidated surficial materials.
As distinguished from boulders.
The consolidated body of natural solid mineral matter which
underlies the overburden soils. The
solid rock that underlies all soil, sand, clay, gravel, and other loose
materials on the earth’s surface.
Any sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic material represented as
a unit in geology; being a sound and solid mass, layer, or ledge of
mineral matter; and with shear wave velocities greater than 2,500 feet
per second BEED - Border Economic and Enterprise
Development Beef (cattle) Price Index (BPI) - An
index of the weighted average annual price for beef cattle, excluding
calves, for an 11 western state area as compared with a specific base
period equal to 100. This index is used in calculating federal grazing
fees. BEF - Bonneville Environmental
Foundation BEF - Buckeye Egg Farms Behave - A system of interactive computer programs for modeling fuel and fire behavior that consists of two systems: BURN and FUEL. – FS BEHAVE - Behavioral Education for Human, Animal, Vegetation &
Ecosystem Management (affiliated with Ted Turner's Flying D Ranch)
http://alic.arid.arizona.edu/behave/index.html Behavior - Reaction of an animal to its
environment. Being - Denotes a secondary call. In to
the northeast corner of Brown's land, being also a two-inch iron pipe,
the "two inch pipe" is usually the secondary or informative
call, whereas "Brown's corner" is normally the superior call.
A "being clause" is frequently a controlling call. - Cadastral
Data glossary Being Clause - The "being clause'
of a deed denotes the origin or history of the present deed, such as
being the same land conveyed to Brown in Book 1237, page 672, of
Official Records. If a change is made in the wording of a deed, there
should always be inserted a being clause. Reference to a being clause
generally does not serve to enlarge or restrict a particular and
sufficient description of land conveyed. - Cadastral Data glossary BEIP - Business Employment Incentive Program Below-cost Timber Sale - A timber sale
from national forest lands in which the expected federal revenues are
less than the estimated federal expenses to sell the timber. Bench - A working level or step in a
cut. Benching -
Installing fill materials in lifts. - NPS Architecture, Fortifications,
and Preservation glossary Bench Mark (BM) - A permanent or
temporary monument of known elevation above sea level, used for vertical
control at a construction site. A
point of known or assumed elevation used as a reference in determining
other elevations. A
permanent reference point (elevation) used in a survey. Bench Mark - A point whose elevation,
above or below some definite or assumed datum, is known. A benchmark can
be natural or artificial, and it can be either permanent or temporary. -
Cadastral Data glossary Benchmark Soil - A benchmark soil is one
of large extent, one that holds a key position in the soil
classification system, one for which there is a large amount of data, or
one that has special significance to farming, engineering, forestry,
ranching, recreational development, urban development, wetland
restoration, or other uses. The cost of investigation and the large
number of combinations of soil uses and management practices preclude
laboratory and field studies of all soils; therefore, studies of
benchmark soils are essential. A benchmark soil is selected because it
can represent other soils. Knowledge of the properties and behavior of
benchmark soils is applied to the understanding and interpretation of
other soils with similar properties. This knowledge is important to soil
technology and the use of soil surveys. Benchmark - A measurement or standard that serves as a point of
reference by which process performance is measured. - Forest Service
http://svinet2.fs.fed.us/recreation/permits/final1.htm Benchmarking - A structured approach for identifying the best
practices from industry and government, and comparing and adapting them
to the organization's operations. Such an approach is aimed at
identifying more efficient and effective processes for achieving
intended results, and suggesting ambitious goals for program output,
product/service quality, and process improvement. - Forest Service http://svinet2.fs.fed.us/recreation/permits/final1.htm Bench terrace - A raised, level or
nearly level strip of earth constructed on or nearly on the contour,
supported by a barrier of rocks or similar material, and designed to
make the soil suitable for tillage and to prevent accelerated erosion.
– USDA Benefit-Cost Analysis - A technique to compare the various costs associated with an investment with the benefits that it proposes to return. Both tangible and intangible factors should be addressed and accounted for. - Forest Service |