A-weighted scale (dBA) – Noise intensity as measured with devices that have the same sensitivity to sound frequencies as the human ear. – Yosemite National Park, Merced Wild and Scenic River Revised Comprehensive Management Plan and Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) Chapter VIII: Glossary http://www.nps.gov/yose/planning/mrp/html/14_rmrp_ch8.htm

 

AA – Access Agreement

 

AA – Accountable Area

 

AA – Adjacent Area

 

AA – Adverse Action

 

AA – Alternative Agriculture

 

AA – Alternative Approach

 

AA – Alternatives Analysis

 

AA – Analysis Area

 

AA – Approval Application

 

AA – Acquisition Account

 

AA – Assembly Appropriations (Congress)

 

AA – Associated Area

 

AAA – Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933

 

AAA – American Arbitration Association “Arbitration, Mediation and other forms of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) http://www.adr.org

 

AAA – Architecture And Appearance

 

AAA – Army Audit Agency http://www.hqda.army.mil/aaaweb/

 

AAAS – American Association for the Advancement of Science http://www.aaas.org

 

AAC – Arbitrary And Capricious

 

AACC – American Association of Community Colleges http://www.aacc.nche.edu/

 

AACS – American Association of Christian Schools http://www.aacs.org

 

AACU – Association of American Colleges and Universities http://www.aacu.org

 

A & E – Activation and Evaluation

 

A & E – Allocation and Engineering

 

A & E – Appropriation and Expense

 

A & E – Arts and Entertainment

 

AAEA – American Agricultural Economics Association http://www.aaea.org

 

AAEE – American Academy of Environmental Engineers http://www.enviro-engrs.org/

 

AAES – American Association of Engineering Societies http://www.aaes.org

 

AAF – Americans for the Ancient Forests, 1850 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20036. 202-289-5900 (no website)

 

AAFC – Agriculture and Agrifood Canada http://www.agf.ca

 

AAFCO – American Association of Feed Control Officials http://www.aafco.org

 

A & H – Access and Habitat; also Access and Habitat Program http://www.dfw.state.or/us/AH/

 

AAH – Adopt-A-Highway http://www.adoptahighway.com

 

AAHE – The American Association for Higher Education http://www.infolit.org/members/aahe.htm

 

AAHP – America’s Agricultural Heritage Partnership (Silos & Smokestacks) http://www.silosandsmokestacks.org

 

AAI – The Agribusiness Accountability Initiative http://www.agribusinessaccountability.org

 

AALU – Association for Advanced Life Underwriting http://www.aalu.org

 

AAM – American Agriculture Movement http://www.aaminc.org

 

AAM – Annual Arithmetic Mean (used in all Historical District reports) http://www.aqmd.gov/aqmp/cvves/cvsip_2.doc (when prompted for a password, just click “x” to close and document will continue loading) 19 pages

 

AAMQM – Annual Arithmetic Mean of Quarterly Means (specified for determination of attainment of the federal standards) http://www.aqmd.gov/aqmp/cvves/cvsip_2.doc (when prompted for a password, just click “x” to close and document will continue loading) 19 pages

 

AAOCD – The Arizona Association of Conservation Districts http://aaocd.org/

 

AAP – Administrative Agency Processes

 

AAP – Administrative Appeal Process

 

AAP – American Academy of Pediatrics http://www.aap.org

 

AAP – Agribusiness Accountability Project http://www.agribusinessaccountability.org “Co-sponsored by the Center of Concern http://www.coc.org and the National Catholic Rural Life Conference http://www.ncrlc.com the Agribusiness Accountability Initiative is a growing international network of academics, activists and food system experts who recognize that corporate concentration and vertical integration among transnational agro-food companies threaten the sustainability of the most important industry on earth -- the global food system.” “Control over how our food is produced is in the hands of a handful of multinational corporations. Corporations that own factory farms are increasingly powerful, politically connected and globalized. They often own or control the entire process -- from the raising of animals to processing and distribution.” Source of quotes: http://www.factoryfarm.org/topics/agribusiness/

 

AAP – Association of American Publishers

 

AAPE – An Alliance for People and the Environment (TNC)

 

AAPF – Aquatic Animal Production Facility

 

AAPG – The Association of Petroleum Geologists http://www.aapg.index.html

 

AAPL – American Association of Professional Landmen

 

AAQ – Ambient Air Quality

 

AAQS – Ambient Air Quality Standards

 

AAR – Annual Accomplishment Report

 

AAR – Association of American Railroads

 

AARCC – Alternative Agriculture Research and Commercialization Corporation

 

AARP – American Association of Retired Persons

 

AAS – Adopt-A-Stream

 

AAS – Assessment of Academic Skills

 

AASCU – American Association of State Colleges and Universities

 

AASHTO – American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officers

 

AASPO – American Association of Small Property Owners http://www.aaspo.org

 

AAST – Assessment of Academic Skills Test

 

AAU – Association of American Universities

 

AAUW – American Association of University Women

 

AAW – American Agri-Women

 

AAY – Average Annual Yield (water)

 

AB – Absaroka Beartooth Wilderness

 

AB – Aquatic biodiversity, watershed, including water issues. Source: “Spotlight on Conservation” http://legacy.ca.gov/pub_docs/final_central_coast-DWR.pdf

 

Abandoned mineland reclamation – The process of cleaning up environmental hazards associated with such abandoned minelands and returning the land to more productive uses.

http://www.dep.state.pa.us/hosting/efp2/reports/NWRO/team35/Oil%20Creek%20report.pdf

 

Abandoned mine land watershed initiative activities (non-CERCLA sites) – This measure involves the inventory and reclamation of mines causing damage to the environment or posing risks to public health and safety. The program includes sites that clearly do not involve the Comprehensive, Emergency Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). – Forest Service http://www.fs.fed.us/pl/pdb/98report/11_glossary.html

 

Abandoned Mineral Lands – Includes the remains of any activity relating to the exploration or development for any mineral resource including hard rock minerals, mineral materials, industrial minerals, coal, oil shale, oil and gas, geothermal energy or topsoil. Abandoned mineral lands include mining or other extraction sites, mill and smelter sites, access roads, processing facilities, and associated disturbed land.

 

Abandoned Property – Property that is found on premises owned or leased by the Government and subject to the filing of a claim thereof by the former owner(s) within three years from the vesting of title in the United States. – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#Property%20Management%20

Information%20System

 

Abandoned water right – A water right that was not put to beneficial use for a number of years, generally five to seven years. – USGS http://water.nv.gov/Water%20Planning/dict-1/wwords-f.pdf

 

Abandonment – An action involving relinquishment of rights in real property, by an owner, for the sole purpose of permanently terminating his ownership. Land cannot be abandoned in favor of a specific party. The act of abandonment must be voluntary and intentional. – Cadastral Data glossary http://www.fairview-industries.com/standardmodule/glossary.htm

 

Abandonment and destruction – Part of Phase IV: Utilization and Disposal, abandonment and destruction occur when the property has reached the end of its useful life. – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#Property%20Management%20

Information%20System

 

Abatement – The reduction or cancellation of an assessed tax. – U.S. Treasury OTS (Office of Thrift Supervision, in charge of banks, savings and loan associations, etc.) http://www.ots.treas.gov/glossary/gloss-n.html

 

Abatement – (water) The process of reducing pollutant levels in a water resource, termed abatement, can be accomplished by modifying or eliminating the production of the pollutant, and controlling the transport of the pollutant to the resource. Both the implementation of BMPs and remediation of non-point source problems are used in the pollution abatement process. The remediation process for non-point source water problems involves the analysis, design, evaluation and implementation of measures, structural or non-structural, to address or correct a water quality problem or concern, or reduce the impact of the problem on the environment. Examples of remediation activities include: evaluation and clean-up operations at a chemical-spill location; removal, disposal and replacement of soil at a site where hazardous wastes have contaminated the soil; treatment of leachate from a leaking landfill; and reclamation of strip-mined areas. (UN) 2. A reduction in the degree or amount of pollution. – Great Lakes glossary

 

Abatement of Nuisance – Extinction or termination of a nuisance. – DRE (The California Department of Real Estate) Reference Book: Chapter 29, Glossary http://www.dre.ca.gov/pdf_docs/ref29.pdf

 

The Abby Dodge 223 U.S. 166 (1912) – The Court barred Federal regulation of the harvest of sponges in Florida's territorial waters on the ground that the regulation of such harvest was exclusively within the power of the State. This was the Supreme Court's first, only and last statement that the state ownership doctrine actually precluded federal wildlife regulation. The preeminence of this doctrine was short-lived, surviving less than a decade. The Supreme Court held that states retained public trust ownership of wildlife within their borders, thus precluding federal regulation. http://policy.fws.gov/101fw2.html

 

ABC – Acceptable biological catch

 

ABC – American Bird Conservancy

 

ABC – Anti-Bias Curriculum

 

ABC – Area-based collaborations

 

ABC – Aspin-Brown Commission

 

ABC – Association of Boards of Certification

 

ABC soil – A soil having an A, a B, and a C horizon. - USDA

 

ABCPF – Association of B.C. Professional Foresters (Canada)

 

ABEB – The Abandoned Buildings Enforcement Board (West Virginia)

 

ABEL – EPA’s computer model for analyzing a violator’s ability to pay a civil penalty.

 

ABEP – American Bottom Ecosystem Partnership

 

Aberrant – Atypical, departing from the normal type or structure.

 

ABET – Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology

 

ABI – The Association for Biodiversity Information http://www.abi.org When this URL connects/loads, it becomes: http://www.natureserve.org -- whose offices are located: 1101 Wilson Boulevard, 15th Floor, Arlington, VA 22209. From its website, at the "Partners / Conservation Organizations" button: "The Nature Conservancy. NatureServe works in close partnership with The Nature Conservancy http://www.nature.org and continues the Conservancy's long tradition of science-based conservation. NatureServe was jointly established by the Conservancy and the network of natural heritage programs and conservation data centers in 1999, with the majority of NatureServe's staff transferring from the Conservancy's Conservation Science program. Although new as an organization, NatureServe's expertise, databases, standards, and tools thus incorporate more than a quarter-century of experience with the natural heritage methodology developed under the auspices of the Conservancy. One of the first products of the collaboration between NatureServe and the Conservancy was the book-length study, Precious Heritage: The Status of Biodiversity in the United States [was] published in 2000. NatureServe and the Conservancy are currently working together on a number of projects, including the development of an ecological systems classification, systems for managing biodiversity information, and ecoregional planning. The Conservancy also provides substantial ongoing logistical and financial support. The H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics, and the Environment. A new report issued by the Heinz Center in September 2002 -- The State of the Nation's Ecosystems: Measuring the Lands, Waters, and Living Resources of the United States -- introduces a set of environmental indicators designed to take the pulse of America's lands and waters. NatureServe scientists worked with the Heinz Center staff to develop a set of scientifically credible indicators on the condition of native plant and animal species. Relying on NatureServe conservation status data, these indicators include a core national-level species-at-risk indicator, as well as ecosystem-specific indicators for forests, grasslands and shrublands, and freshwater. See http://www.heinzctr.org/ecosystems/index.htm." http://www.natureserve.org/aboutUs/conserorgan.jsp

 

Abiotic – The nonliving physical and chemical aspects of an organism’s environment. Abiotic refers to such factors as light, temperature, and topography. – (DOI/NPS) Long-Term Monitoring Plan – National Capital Region Network, September 30, 2005. Submitted by: Inventory and Monitoring Program, National Capital Region Network, Center for Urban Ecology, 4598 MacArthur Boulevard NW, Washington, D.C. 20007.

http://science.nature.nps.gov/im/monitor/plans/NCRN_MonitoringPlan.pdf (Pages G-1 through G-8 - Glossary – or pages 150 through 156 of 156 pages) 2. Non-living. Climate is an abiotic component of ecosystems. 3. Non-living, not associated with life. Although the term does refer to non-living, it may still be associated with life. http://www.fs.fed.us/ngp/draft/plan/pdf_plan_draft/Dakota_Prairie_Plan/Appendices/appendix_g.pdf

 

ABK – Anything But Knowledge

 

Ablation – Removal of a part by melting or vaporization. – USDA glossary

 

ABMS – American Bureau of Metal Statistics

 

ABN – The American Broadcasting Network

 

ABO – Agreed Board Order

 

Aboveground release – Any release to the surface of the land or to surface water. This includes, but is not limited to, releases from the aboveground portion of an UST system and aboveground releases associated with overfills and transfer operation as the regulated substance moves to or from an UST system. – RCRA/40CFR280.12

 

ABS – Areas of Biodiversity Significance

 

Absolute advantage – An advantage that a country has in producing certain goods or services relative to all or many other countries due to specific factors of production at its disposal- such as rich farmland and a favorable climate for agricultural production or a highly educated labor force for high-tech manufacturing. A country's absolute advantage means that it can produce certain goods or services at a lower cost than would be possible for other countries. Thus it is clearly beneficial for this country to specialize in producing and exporting these goods and services. But even countries that do not have any absolute advantages can benefit from international trade; see comparative advantage. – World Bank Glossary

 

Absorption – The uptake of water or dissolved chemicals by a cell or an organism (as tree roots absorb dissolved nutrients in the soil). http://www.epa.gov/ogwdw/pubs/gloss2.html 2. Photosynthetic interception of light. 3. Capacity of environmental media to dispose of wastes and residuals. (2 and 3: UN)

 

Absorption factor – The fraction of a chemical making contact with an organism that is absorbed by the organism. http://www.epa.gov/ogwdw/pubs/gloss2.html

 

Abstract of Bids – The official document upon which all bids are recorded, including "no bids" and "non-responsive" bids. – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#Property%20Management%20

Information%20System

 

Abstract of Title – A statement usually prepared by an attorney that traces the history of ownership of real property to determine the status of its present title, and includes all items of record that might impair the title, such a liens, charges or encumbrances. – U.S. Treasury OTS (Office of Thrift Supervision, in charge of banks, savings and loan associations, etc.) http://www.ots.treas.gov/glossary/gloss-n.html 2. A compilation of abstracts of deeds and other pertinent data that affect the title to a piece of real property, all bound together in chronological order. It is a form of title evidence made for the purpose of title examination. – Cadastral Data glossary http://www.fairview-industries.com/standardmodule/glossary.htm

 

Abutment – The sides of the valley against which the dam bears, further classified as right abutment and left abutment when viewing downstream. – U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Glossary http://www.usbr.gov/uc/envdocs/eis/navajo/pdfs/deis_glossary.pdf 2. That part of the valley wall against which the dam is constructed. The part of a dam that contacts the riverbank. A structure that supports the ends of a dam or bridge. An artificial abutment is sometimes constructed, as a concrete gravity section, to take the thrust of an arch dam where there is no suitable natural abutment. Action or place of abutting; the part of a structure that is the terminal point or receives thrust or pressure. Defined in terms of left and right as looking away from the reservoir, looking downstream (i.e. left abutment, right abutment).

Abyssal – Pertaining to zones of great depth in the oceans or lakes into which light does not penetrate; occasionally restricted to depths below 2,000 meters but more usually used for depths between 4,000 and 6,000 meters. http://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/SNT/noframe/zy198.htm

 

AC – Abatement Competitors

 

AC – Abatement and Control

 

AC – Activity Center (for ESA habitat)

 

AC – The Ad Council

 

AC – Adirondack Council

 

AC – Adit Closing

 

AC – Adjusted Compensation

 

AC – Administrative Compliance

 

AC – Agriculture Canada

 

AC – Agricultural Coordinator

 

AC – Agriculture Communications

 

AC – Agro Chemicals

 

AC – Alley Cropping

 

AC – Anorthosite Complex

 

AC – Anti-Corporatism

 

AC – Arbitrary and Capricious

 

AC – Archaeological compliance

 

AC – Area conservationalist

 

AC – Articles of Confederation

 

AC – Asset Consumption

 

AC – Athletic Complex

 

AC – Atlanta Compromise

 

AC – Auriferous Channel

 

ACA – Alabama Coal Association

 

ACA – Alaska Coal Association

 

ACA – Alta California Alliance

 

ACA – American Chain Association

 

ACA – American Conservation Association

 

ACA – American Crystallographic Association

 

ACA – Appalachian Corridor Appalachien – Our long-term vision is to restore an ecological balance to the greater Northern Appalachians, which includes: New York, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine and the Canadian provinces of Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. We believe that by working together with a broad spectrum of individuals and groups from across the region, we can protect the land, air, water, plants, and animals of this magnificent region for generations to come. What's the Problem? Despite its predominantly wooded condition, the forests and fields of the greater northern Appalachian region suffer from a wide range of ecological problems. The forests we see today are far younger and less diverse than those that used to dominate the landscape, and the pockets of natural habitat that remain are too small, too isolated and represent too few types of ecosystems to maintain native biodiversity at all levels. In Vermont, for example, a state recognized for its natural beauty, five mammals and eleven birds are listed as threatened or endangered. In Maine, at least thirty-two native species no longer exist in the state with several “keystone” species, most notably large carnivores, considered extinct. Compounding the problem is the increasingly rapid turnover in ownership of massive tracts of forestland brought on by changes in the global forest products industry. In many cases, quick action by conservationists has resulted in the long-term protection of thousand of acres of land. At the same time, however, these transactions have not always protected the most ecologically important lands because no overarching, science-based strategy exists to inform the conservation community on what lands area most in need of protection. Wildlands Project Steps In: Recognizing both the need and opportunity to move large-scale, transboundary conservation planning forward, the Wildlands Project is currently developing a large- scale conservation plan – “a Wildlands Network Design” -- for the Adirondacks, Northern New England and ecologically linked portions of eastern Canada. Our science-based proposal focuses on the ecological needs of several important species including wolf, lynx, and marten. By focusing in on these particular species, we also guarantee that most other flora and fauna in the region will have the room they need to survive and thrive. We are also studying critical natural communities to ensure that the widest possible range of ecosystem types are protected, as well as the unique characteristics that make an area particularly important, such as forested wetlands, steep slopes, and floodplains. Networks of People Protecting Networks of Land: In addition to our scientific work, we are actively working on the ground to educate and inspire a broad-based coalition of wildlands supporters and advocates from both sides of the border. These supporters include researchers at several universities and colleges, including Middlebury College, Dalhousie University, and the University of New Brunswick, conservation groups like the Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society, Wildlife Conservation Society of Canada, The Nature Conservancy, land trusts, and several government agencies and donor organizations. The Wildlands Project also works closely with key networks of conservation groups: Two Countries One Forest (2C1F), the Northern Forest Alliance (NFA) and the Coalition to Restore the Eastern Wolf (CREW). Links: Appalachian Corridor Appalachien http://www.apcor.ca; Association for the Protection of the Adirondacks http://www.protectadks.org; Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society-New Brunswick Chapter http://http://www.cpaws.org/grassroots-chapters/nb.html; Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society-Nova Scotia Chapter http://www.cpaws.org/grassroots-chapters/ns.html; Forest Watch http://www.forestwatch.org; Northeast Wilderness Trust http://www.newildernesstrust.org; Northern Forest Alliance http://www.northernforestalliance.org; Wildlife Conservation Society Canada http://www.wcs.org/sw-around_the_globe/northamerica/WCSCanada; Vermont Wilderness Association http://www.vermontwilderness.org Source: http://www.twp.org/cms/page1115.cfm and http://www.apcor.ca/engl/start.htm

 

ACAA – American Coal Ash Association

 

ACC – Ad Council Campaigns

 

ACC – American Copper Council

 

ACC – Architectural Control Committee http://www.nps.gov/wrst/Compliance/mccarthywestsideEA1.pdf (NPS)

 

ACC – Artificial Cloud Cover

 

ACC – AssociationCentral.com

 

ACC – Automatic Control Council

 

ACCA – American Cave Conservation Association

 

ACCC – Ad Council Campaign Criteria

 

Accelerated Erosion – Soil loss that is more severe than natural levels and that results directly from human activities. Because soil is not produced as quickly as it is eroded, accelerated erosion can lead to a permanent reduction in plant productivity.

 

Acceptable biological catch (ABC) – The allowable catch for a species or species group, based on its estimated abundance. The ABC is used to set the upper limit of the annual total allowable catch and is calculated by applying the estimated or proxy harvest rate that produces maximum sustainable yield to the estimated exploitable stock biomass. – Environmental Assessment/Regulatory Impact Review/Regulatory Flexibility Analysis for A Program to Monitor Time-Area Closures in the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery, NOAA Northwest Region, Seattle, WA, June 2003 http://www.nwr.noaa.gov/1sustfsh/groundfish/vms/vms_ea_final.pdf

 

Acceptable Management Practices – Those farming techniques recommended by the State Agriculture Development Committee and includes but not limited to practices for the following purposes: 1) the production of agricultural and horticultural crops, trees and forest products, livestock, and poultry and other commodities as described in the Standard Industrial Classification for agriculture, forestry, fishing and trapping; 2) the processing and packaging of the agricultural output of the farm; 3) the wholesale and retail marketing of the agricultural output of the farm and related products that contribute to farm income; 4) the replenishment of soil nutrients; 5) the control of pests, predators and diseases of plants and animals; 6) the clearing of woodlands, the installation and maintenance of vegetative and terrain alterations and other physical facilities for water and soil conservation and surface water control in wetlands areas; and 7) the on-site disposal of organic agricultural wastes.

 

Acceptable Management System (AMS) – A combination of conservation practices and management that meets resource quality criteria established in the FOTG by the State Conservationist that is feasible within the social, cultural, or economic constraints identified for the resource conditions. It is expected that some degradation may continue to occur for the resource after the AMS is applied (Part 506, Glossary, SCS General Manual). – The EPA’s Management Measures for Agricultural Sources Glossary http://www.epa.gov/owow/nps/MMGI/Chapter2/ch2-3.html

 

Acceptance – A formal certification that the goods or services have been received and that they conform to the terms of the contract. – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#Property%20Management%20

Information%20System

 

Acceptance and Approval – The instruments of "acceptance" or "approval" of a treaty have the same legal effect as ratification and consequently express the consent of a state to be bound by a treaty. In the practice of certain states acceptance and approval have been used instead of ratification when, at a national level, constitutional law does not require the treaty to be ratified by the head of state. [Arts.2 (1) (b) and 14 (2), Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969] (UN)

 

Access – A means of approach or admission.

http://inetdocs.loudoun.gov/b&d/docs/1972ordinance_/article10defini/article10defini.doc 2. The right of an owner to go from and return to his land. – Cadastral Data glossary http://www.fairview-industries.com/standardmodule/glossary.htm 3. The opportunity to approach, enter and make use of public or private land. http://www.fs.fed.us/ngp/draft/plan/pdf_plan_draft/Dakota_Prairie_Plan/Appendices/appendix_g.pdf

 

Access Agreement (AA) – One of the documents necessary to implement a Restoration Project. (DOI/USFWS) Page 12: http://www.usdoj.gov/enrd/ChevronCD.pdf 2. Access Agreement/Order - The EPA is given authority in CERCLA to obtain access to property that is contaminated or threatened with contamination for implementing response actions. The access agreement should describe the activities that will occur and the planned restoration of the property, if any, upon completion. Access agreements are valid only for the current landowner whose signature is on the agreement and do not transfer to future property owners. Access agreements containing residential information, which is considered confidential under the Privacy Code, are coded to this keyword code. However, if a "releasable" access agreement is generated during the Site Assessment (SA) phase, the agreement should be filed in the SA phase [10.17]. If a "releasable" access agreement is generated during the Emergency Response (EM) phase, the agreement should be filed in the EM phase [13.29]. If a "releasable" access agreement is generated during the Remedial phases, it is filed in the Enforcement, Legal Documents (NL) phase [30.04]. http://www.epa.gov/earth1r6/6sf/filestru/pc.htm 3. (a) Generally construed to mean a Reciprocal ROWs agreemen. It is an exchange of grants between the United States and a Permittee that provides for each party using the other’s roads or constructing roads over the other’s lands; (b) the rights granted to the United States through the purchase of a ROWs easement. (DOI/BLM) http://www5.or.blm.gov/burns/Planning/AndrewsSteensRMP/ProposedRMP/Appendices/14.

Appendix%20M%20PRMP.pdf 4. Term-limited public use and access agreements / easement[s] would temporarily fulfill the goal of compensating the public. However, it will be difficult to compensate the public once access privileges have been terminated. http://southdakotafieldoffice.fws.gov/CONCEPTUAL%20NATURAL%20RESOURCE%20

RESTORATION%209-15-2004%20backup.pdf (page 43)

 

Access Control – An aspect of security that utilizes hardware systems and specialized procedures to control and monitor the movement of individuals, vehicles, or materials into, out of, or within secured areas. Access to various points may be a function of authorization level or time, or a combination of the two. 2. The use of physical security as a means of controlling movement into or out of secured areas. – USGS

 

Access density – A measure of the total number of access points in both travel directions. – The National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) http://www.accessmanagement.gov/pdf/420NCHRP.pdf

 

Access Management Plan – A plan, showing the design of access for every lot on a given road or highway segment. http://www.nj.gov/dca/osg/plan/stateplan/appendices_glossary.shtml

 

Access Road – A temporary or permanent road over which timber is transported from a loading site to a public road. Also known as a haul road. http://www.epa.gov/OWOW/NPS/MMGI/Chapter3/ch3-3.html 2. A road constructed to facilitate the use and management of the land. Access roads are designed for limited traffic and typically consist of a cut slope, a roadbed, and a fill outslope. – Soil Survey of McDowell County, West Virginia, Issued 2004. http://soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gov/Manuscripts/WV047/

1/WVMcDowell9_2005.pdf (page 69 of 115)

 

Access to Safe Water – Measured by the number of people who have a reasonable means of getting an adequate amount of clean water, expressed as a percentage of the total population. It reflects the health of a country's people and the country's ability to collect, clean, and distribute water. In urban areas "reasonable" access means there is a public fountain or water spigot located within 200 meters of the household. In rural areas, it implies that members of the household do not have to spend excessive time each day fetching water. Water is safe or unsafe depending on the amount of bacteria in it. An adequate amount of water is enough to satisfy metabolic, hygienic, and domestic requirements, usually about 20 liters (about 4 gallons) per person per day. (WB-UN) http://www.worldbank.org/depweb/english/modules/glossary.html

 

Access to Sanitation – Refers to the share of the population with at least adequate excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Suitable facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with sewerage. To be effective, all facilities must be correctly constructed and maintained. (WB-UN)

 

Accessible Environment – The atmosphere, the land surface, oceans, and the portion of the lithosphere that is outside the controlled area. – 10CFR60.2. The atmosphere; land surfaces; surface waters; oceans; and all of the lithosphere that is beyond the controlled area. 40CFR191.12

 

Accession – A sample of a crop variety collected at a specific location and time; may be of any size. – UNDP/WRI 2. The process by which a country becomes a member of an international agreement, such as the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) or the European Community. Accession to the GATT involves negotiations to determine the specific obligations a nonmember country must undertake before it will be entitled to full GATT membership benefits. Accession is the act whereby a state accepts the offer or the opportunity to become a party to a treaty already negotiated and signed by other states. It has the same legal effect as ratification. Accession usually occurs after the treaty has entered into force. The Secretary-General of the United Nations, in his function as depositary, has also accepted accessions to some conventions before their entry into force. The conditions under which accession may occur and the procedure involved depend on the provisions of the treaty. A treaty might provide for the accession of all other states or for a limited and defined number of states. In the absence of such a provision, accession can only occur where the negotiating states were agreed or subsequently agree on it in the case of the state in question. [Arts.2 (1) (b) and 15, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969] (UN)

 

Accessory Building – A building subordinate to, and located on the same lot with a main building, the use or which is clearly incidental to that of the main building or to the use of the land, and which is not attached by any part of a common wall or roof to the main building. http://inetdocs.loudoun.gov/b&d/docs/1972ordinance_/article10defini/article10defini.doc

 

Accessory Use – A use of land or of a building, or portion thereof, customarily incidental to the principal use of the land or building and located on the same lot with such principal use. [For the purpose of zoning ordinances] accessory uses [may] include swimming pools and game courts… http://www.greenvilleplanning.com/land_development/zoning_ordinance/article4.htm 2. A use of a building, lot, or portion thereof, which is customarily incidental and subordinate to the principal use of the main building or lot. http://inetdocs.loudoun.gov/b&d/docs/1972ordinance_/article10defini/article10defini.doc

 

Accessory Uses and Structures – Zoning regulations governing land uses and structures incidental to the district’s primary permitted uses, dwelling units and structures.

 

Accommodate (from the Grizzly Bear Recovery in the Bitterroot Ecosystem EIS) – Allowing grizzly bears that move outside the Recovery Area onto public land in the Experimental Population Area to remain undisturbed unless they demonstrate a real and imminent threat to human safety or livestock.

 

Account Balances – Net of debits and credits at the end of a reporting period. – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#Property%20Management%20

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Accountability – The act of maintaining an account or record for personal property by providing a complete audit trail for personal property transactions from receipt to final disposition. Also, the obligation imposed by law, lawful order, or regulation, accepted by a person for keeping accurate records, to ensure control of property, documents or funds, with or without physical possession. The obligation, in this context, refers to a person's fiduciary duties, responsibilities and obligations to protect the public interest, but does not necessarily impose personal liability on that person. – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#Property%20Management%20

Information%20System 2. Responsibility for the deterioration of the natural environment, implying the allocation of environmental costs to the economic activities that cause such deterioration. (UN)

 

Accountable – Responsible for something (i.e. a function, area of a building, property). – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#Property%20Management%20

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Accountable Area (AA) – An area defined by organizational or geographical limits, for which a discrete set of formal property accountability records is maintained under the jurisdiction of a designated Accountable Property Officer (APO) [also known as the Property Accountable Officer/Accountable Property Officer, or PAO/APO]. In the Asset Management System (AMS), accountable area constitutes a business unit. The Food and Drug Administration accountable areas are as follows: 1) FDA Centers, 2) ORA Headquarters, 3) ORA Regional and District Offices, and 4) FDA Non-Center Headquarters (NCHQ). – Food and Drug Administration Staff Manual Guide, Guide FDA 2620.2, February 13, 2002. http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMDocs/Doc7.doc 2. An area specifically defined by organizational or geographic limits, which is assigned to a designated Property Accountable Officer. It is larger than a property custodial area and maintains accountable records for a number of property custodial areas, which have physical responsibility for personal property. – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#Property%20Management%20

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Accountable Property – Accountable personal property as: items that are classified as non-expendable property (2 years or longer expected life), and have an acquisition cost of $5,000 or greater, and items that are classified as sensitive regardless of acquisition value; items that are recorded in a formal property management or accounting system. This definition of accountable property pertains to the items, which will appear on the property custodial area's inventory, it is not to say that since an item is not accountable by this definition that it is not important to the Government. – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#Property%20Management%20

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Accountable Property Officer – See Property Accountable Officer (PAO). – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#

Property%20Management%20

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Accountable Property Records – Formal records of personal property which assign specific responsibility for control to an individual. Such records may control single items or aggregates of similar property. – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#

Property%20Management%20

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Accounting for Property Plant, and Equipment – See SFFAS 6

 

Accretion – The gradual and imperceptible accumulation of alluvion (soil) by natural causes. It is created by operation of natural causes. Accretion is the act, while alluvion is the deposit itself. It differs from avulsion, which is a sudden and perceptible loss or addition to land by the action of water. – NOAA Coastal Services Center (CSC) Public Trust Doctrine Glossary

http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ptd/glossary.htm 2. The process, driven by plate tectonics, whereby the continental margin grows by addition of ocean crust and sediments at a subduction zone. – The Forest Ecosystem Management Assessment Team (FEMAT) http://pnwin.nbii.gov/nwfp/FEMAT/ Chapter 9 Glossary http://pnwin.nbii.gov/nwfp/FEMAT/Chapter_9.htm 3. Deposition of material by sedimentation, which increases land area. http://biology.usgs.gov/s+t/SNT/noframe/zy198.htm 4. The gradual addition of new material to existing material. – Everglades Plan glossary

 

ACC-SWR – The Sub-committee on Water Resources of the UN Administrative Committee for Coordination (UN)

 

Acculturation – Cultural modification resulting from intercultural borrowing. In cultural geography, the term is used to designate the change that occurs in the culture of indigenous peoples when contact is made with a society that is technologically more advanced. A one-way transfer of cultural traits.

 

Accumulation – Accumulation – Definition under development. – Glossary is a feature of Know Net, a knowledge management, e-learning and performance support system sponsored by the Government of the United States of America. Know Net can be accessed at http://www.knownet.hhs.gov http://knownet.hhs.gov/log/propmanDR/PPMGloss/definitions.htm#

Property%20Management%20